The inhabitants of these lands before the arrival of the Spaniards were aboriginal belonging to different tribes. Some of them have disappeared without leaving perseverance of their customs and language. Others as the mocovíes contribute data for their understanding and form of life. The guaycurúes belonged to the group of the patagónidos, era the most northern in the tribes. It was people very formed physically, tall and beautiful people, the women adorned their bodies with paintings and corporal marks. The lack of faulty physical among them it was due to the elimination of the born infants with this wrong. If some discapacitado existed, it would surely owe himself to the consequences of the wars. They were almost hairless and the hair were pulled up that had in the faces, included the brows. Among the decorations of the body, they figured the necklaces, slopes of shells and wooden, the men were marked incisions looking scars of war. They used to use a bezote with feathers to seem terrifying before their enemies.

Nudes walked, in occasions they covered with softened skin that hung of one of their shoulders. The women on the other hand, possessed a type apron that you/they tied to the waist. The blankets that were made, were constituted previously by several united and colored small leathers with red ink, this derived of barks boiled in urine. They were devoted to the hunt and the fishing, they generally prepared their plates roasting them on the embers or in wooden grills, in occasions they boiled the food taking the broth then. They also fed of some small, fat animals that fried in their own fat, of grasses of the field, eggs, fruits and boiled lobsters or dried off in the sun and then milled, added to their soups.

The drinks that you/they prepared were fermented with water and wild honey, or with water and flour of locust sheaths, to which you/they called latagá. The marriage was not made in age very early, the man should make gifts for the girlfriend to his family. Anyone of the spouses could undo the bond if it didn't consider it appropriate. Although they were allowed each man several wives to have, almost always alone they possessed one. The small ones were raised by the mothers, when the males reached waiter's age, the upbringing was in the parents' hands but the whole community was responsible for its education. The housing straw era and one was made by each family. The same ones were precarious, therefore abandoned when they moved of place or they caught fire when some resident died there.

The political organization of the village, diagramada in the following way was. A boss was responsible for the small population, although it didn't conserve a lot of power. The boss was not distinguished for his housing neither for his attire, on the contrary, it reached in many occasions the misery. The mocovíes was very pedigüeños, the boss was unable to deny something for not losing prestige, ending up being very poor. The punishment of the crimes was in charge of the offended family. The boss intervened when both parts requested it and it maintained the justice with the purpose of not losing authority. The old ones wise they used to advise to the boss, as well as some old men of prestige. The exchanges of women among villages were you frequent since it was not allowed by tradition the marriage until the sixth grade of consanguinity. The sense of ownership of the mocovíes was a key factor in the confrontation before the other groups, even before the Guarani that were in expansion in that time. The personal trousseau of the males consisted on arches, arrows of tip of bones or of fish thorn, other smaller arrows to catch fish, heavy garrotes, you rush long of sharp wooden tips hardened to the fire, other shorter lances that were arrojadizas, capable boleadoras for the hunt and for the war.