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| Flora |
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The existent climatic configuration in the Argentinean territory, as well as the disposition of the relief, they determine the existence of varied natural vegetable formations. The arboreal areas are represented by forests, forests and mounts, of those that spends gradually to the park and the savanna like transition areas, until arriving to the herbaceous formations: the prairie and the steppe. The regions present fitogeográficas in the Argentina are the South American and the antarctic one in which the vegetables are practically nonexistent; subdivided in counties and districts; the most representative are:
- Missionary forest
- Galleries and parks correntinos
- Forest chaqueño
- Tropical mountain forest (or tucumano-oranense)
- Herbaceous steppe
- Riverside forest
- Spinal
- Mount or mountain forest
- Steppe arbustiva
- Steppe Andean puneña
- Forest cordillerano (cold or subantártico)
- Steppe patagónica
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| Missionary forest |
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It presents a closed vegetation, very rich in species, with several arboreal strata and a sotobosque of canes, bushes, grasses and mosses. Some of their copies are: guatambú, laurel, cedar, petiribí, lapacho, palm pindó, arborescent ferns, lianas and epífitas among those that orchids and ferns stand out.
This formation is prolonged along the rivers Paraná and Uruguay, showing again although something more impoverished, in the oriental area of the counties of the Chaco and Formosa. |
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| Galleries and parks correntinos |
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In their vegetation forests are alternated in higher areas, pastizales in the plane and pajonales and tidelands in the depressions where accumulates water.
The ñandubay mounts, pruning, espinillo, chañar and locust, they appear alternate with herbaceous spaces in those that the espartillo prevails and several gramineous and caranday palmares and yatay. They are typical the camalotales formations and those dammed, formed by aquatic plants as the irupé, the cabbage and the lentil of water. |
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| Forest chaqueño |
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It prevails the vegetation caducifolia and xerófila with reduction of the leaves and presence of thorns to avoid the loss of water for perspiration. They are typical the quebrachos accompanied by guayacán, sacred stick, locust and thorny bushes as the chañar, the tusca and the vinal.
They are frequent the cactáceas (quimili, cardón) and the palms; toward the West and in the saline floors there is jume, it hides and cachiyuyo; in the southern mountain areas the molle prevails of drinking, coconut, churqui and scribble. In the branches there are líquenes, carnations of the air and plants climbers. |
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| Tropical mountain forest (or tucumano-oranense) |
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| The floors of vegetation are defined by the height, being developed to the foot of the mountains the timbó, the cebil and the tipa; at the superior, denser level, it considers it to him the domain of the laurel, also existing Creole walnut, oak, cedar, jacaranda, lianas, climbings and epífitas. Above of the 1.200 meters is distinguished the forest of pine of the hill, the one of I plane and that of queñoa, being continued with pastizales of height. |
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| Herbaceous steppe |
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It is the domain of the grasses although it is presented very altered for the human presence. They can be different gramineous as the flechilla and diverse bushes among them the romerillo and the brusquilla.
In the lagoons and taken a bath aquatic grasses grow, rushes, cortaderas and totoras, those that are also in the depressed area of the bay Samborombón, together with espartillo and reed-mace. In the dunes of the Atlantic coast the vegetation is adapted to the sandy floor. |
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| Riverside forest |
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| In the coastal area of the rivers of the Silver and Paraná as well as in the delta, pure forests of prunings, Creole sallows and ceibos appear. In the deltaic area they are presented associated with laurel, timbó, kills eye, higuerón, tacuara, climbings, lianas and epífitas, conforming a forest in gallery that appears as a detachment of the subtropical, although more impoverished forest. |
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| Spinal |
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This mount extended in arch form, surrounds the pastizales pampeanos from the county of Among Ríos until the area of the Bay Blanca, being presented forests xerófilos that alternate with savannas and palmares. They are distinguished three areas with prevalence of different copies: the mount entrerriano with the ñandubay; the mount Cordovan santafecino with the locust and the mount puntano pampeano with the caldén.
Other species accompany those mentioned: espinillo, pruning, chañar and the palm. In Between Ríos and Santa Faith the herbaceous stratum is rich in species like espartillo, cortadera, cebadilla and red straw, as well as yatay palmares. In the area of the caldén they prevail white straw, I pasture puna and flechillas. In sandy atmospheres there are jonquil and male garlic and in the saline jume and cachiyuyo. |
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| Mount or mountain forest |
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The vegetation impoverished by the aridity presents adaptations like the reduction of the leaves, the engrosamiento of the shaft and the appearance of thorns like in the cactáceas.
The characteristic copies are locust, sallow and maitén that usually locate next to the courses of water. In summer they present a sotobosque of bushes like espinillo, bull shade, piquillín, jarilla and retamo and grasses in those that coirón, cebadilla, straw and pichana prevail. |
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| Steppe arbustiva |
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| They are common the locusts arbustivos, atamisqui, pichana, chañar, pitch and molle. Among the grasses, more abundant in winter, they figure flechillas and coirón. In the saline floors a resistant vegetation of jume is developed and it hides and in the sandy ones the male garlic, olivillo and simbol. |
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| Steppe Andean puneña |
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| The vegetables adapt to the drought, the cold and the wind, being presented a formation arbustiva very open of rich-rich, queñoa, churqui and cardón. In more humid areas the tolares prevails and in the vegas developed in the bottom of the valleys or next to the rivers and streams cordilleranos are presented juncáceas, sallows and tender grasses. |
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| Forest cordillerano (cold or subantartic) |
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| It occupies a narrow fringe of the mountain range patagónica, being the domain of the coniferous ones. The North sector is rich in species, being pehuén, coihue, ñire, lenga, raulí, larch and a sotobosque of cane colihue; among the numerous mushrooms the most diffused one is the llao-llao. Toward the South the forest becomes poor, prevailing the I hang, the cinnamon tree and the lenga. In the depressed areas of Tierra del Fuego they are formed the peat-bogs constituted by mosses associated with líquenes and herbaceous. |
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| Steppe patagónica |
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| For the characteristics of half-deserted and the strong winds, the plants are presented in cushion and the bushes are of reduced dimensions, standing out duraznillo, it kills Moorish, neneo and caulker. Toward the West, in more humid areas, expands a mantel of gramineous perennial in the one that the coirón prevails. In the valleys or next to the courses of water the mallín appears, where it dominates the white clover, the jonquil and the chicory. |
Viajoporargentina - Información Turística sobre la República Argentina
© 2003 - Prohibida su reproducción total o parcial. Derechos de Autor 527292 Ley 11723 |
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